What is personal property coverage on my homeowners insurance policy?

Personal property coverage is for all the things you keep in your house. If you look on your homeowners insurance policy you will see it under Coverage C. 
Some things are covered differently in homeowners policy however. Guns, jewelry, electronics, and art work are some examples of things may have much lower coverage in your insurance policy. 
Make sure to discuss with your agent the amount of coverage you need for high value items. Your agent can advise you on whether your policy will give you adequate coverage or if you need an additional "rider" added to your policy.